vicious: may directly oppose virtuous in implying moral depravity, or it may connote malignancy, cruelty, or destructive violence: a ~ gangster wanted for murder. (deprave泛指道德变得败坏)


villainous: applies to any evil, depraved, or vile conduct or characteristic: ~ behavior that must be punished.(注意是villain不是vallain)


iniquitous: implies absence of all signs of justice or fairness: an ~ tyrant, ruling by fear and intimidation.


nefarious: suggests flagrant breaching of time-honored laws and traditions of conduct:  pornography, prostitution, and organized crime's other ~ activities.


infamous: suggests shameful and scandalous wickedness: ~ for their crimes.(wicked: 恶意=malice,malignance)


corrupt: stresses a loss of moral integrity or probity causing betrayal of principle or sworn obligations: the city hall was filled with ~ politicians. (probity是经过考验的integrity都表示正直)




degenerate: suggests having sunk from a higher to an esp. vicious or enervated condition: a ~ regime propped up by foreign support.


vicious: 直接和美德virtuous反义即道德败坏(deprave)，常表示恶意残忍暴力，villainous: 泛指任何邪恶(evil,depraved,vile完全同义)行为，iniquitous: 毫无公平正义即公义，nefarious: 公然违反长期尊崇的法律或传统，infamous臭名: 可耻丑闻的邪恶，corrupt腐败: 丧失正直、背叛原则誓言，degenerate堕落:从高的道德标准变得邪恶衰败。


记忆方法: 1）VVINICD重组成CIV  N  DIV切割又切割==>很邪恶

          DIV可表示除法，CIV是词根CIS（切割）的变体，都表示切割。

         缩写时常用N表示and。


        2）邪恶的意思是行为或性质恶劣mean highly reprehensible and offensive in character, nature,or conduct. (reprehend严厉批评,offend冒犯)